PAPER V – PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM

PAPER V – PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM

UNIT I

Water relation of plant Unique physiochemical properties of water chemical potential, water potential, apparent free space bulk movement of water, soil Plant Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC),

Stomatal regulation of transpiration, signal transduction in guard cell.

Membrane Transport: Passive – nonmediated transport and earnst equation, Passive mediated Transport, ATP driven active transport Uniport Symport, Antiport Ion Channels.

Amino acids Proteins and Enzymes Nod factor root nodulation and nitrogen fixation, the structure of amino acids stereoisomers Amphoteric properties synthesis of amino acids by reductive amination, GS-GOGAT system, and transamination.

Structure of proteins – Primary secondary tertiary quaternary and domain structure reverse turn and Ramachandran Plot, protein stability electrostatic forces hydrogen bonding, disulfide bonding, and hydrophobic interaction.

Enzymes: Structure and properties substrate specificity, classification and mechanism of enzyme action.

UNIT II

Carbohydrate: Classification structure and function of monosaccharides, Polysaccharides, and glycoproteins including starch cellulose and pectins

Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments absorption and trans

Photosystem II and coupling factors, photolysis of water and O2 evolution non-cyclic and cyclic transportation of electrons water, water cycle, proton gradient and photophosphorylation, Calvin cycle regulation of RUBISCO activity control of Calvin cycle, C4 pathway and its adaptive significance, CAM pathway differences between C3 and C4 plants, glycolate pathway and photorespiration, chloro-respiration and CO2 concentrating mechanism in microorganism

UNIT III

Respiration: Anaerobic and aerobic respiration amphibolic nature of TCA cycle pentose phosphate pathway glyoxylate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis high energy compound: their synthesis and utilization.

Fat metabolism: Synthesis of long chain fatty acids lipid biosynthesis and oxidation

Secondary Metabolites: Biosynthesis and function of secondary metabolites with special reference to tannins alkaloids and steroids

UNIT IV

Plant Growth regulators: Auxins chemical nature, bioassay physiological effects, and mode of action.

Gibberellins: chemical nature, bioassay, physiological effects and mode of action.

Cytokinins: Chemical nature, Bioassay physiological effects, and mode of action.

Abscisic acid- chemical nature bioassay physiological effects and mode of action.

Physiology of Flowering: Photoperiodism and vernalization.