Paper 1- Cell & Molecular Biology of Plants

Uni-I

The dynamic cell:

• Structural organization of the plant cell,  

•  specialized plant cell types, 
• Biochemical Energetic. &  Chemical Foundation,

Cell wall :

• Structure and functions, biogenesis, growth.

Plasma membrane:

• Structure, models and functions, 
• Pumps,  Sites for ATPases,
•  Ion carriers, 
• Channels 
• receptors.

Plasmodesmata:

• Structure, role in movement of molecules and macromolecules,comparison with gap junctions.

Unit -II

Chloroplast:

• Structure, 
• genome organization, 
• gene expression, 
• DNA Replication  and Protein Synthesis  
• Growth and Division of Chloroplast or Proplastid
• RNA-editing, 
• nucleo-chloroplastic interactions.

Mitochondria:

• Structure, and isolation of mitochondrial Component
• genome organization, 
• biogenesis.

Plant vacuole: Tonoplast membrane, ATPase, transporters, as storage organelle

Nucleus

• structure,  Nuclear Pore
• Nucleosome organization,
• DNA Structure 
• A, B and Z forms, 
• replication, 
• damage and repair,
•  transcription, plant promoters and transcription factors, 
• splicing,  mRNA transport nucleolus,
• rRNA biosynthesis.

Restriction enzymes :Cleavage of DNA into specific fragment 

construction of a restriction map from the fragments,
 restriction sites, 
 as genetic markers,
 RFLP and their use in plant breeding

Unit-III

Ribosomes: Structure, the site of protein synthesis, 

mechanism of translation,  initiation, elongation, and termination, 

structure and role of tRNA

• Protein sorting: Targeting of proteins to organelles
• Cell shape and motility: The cytoskeleton,  organization, and role of microtubules and microfilaments,  motor movements,  implications in flagellar and other movements

Unit-IV

• Cell cycle and apoptosis:Control mechanisms,
• role of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, 
• retinoblastoma and E2F proteins, 
• cytokinesis and cell plate formation, 
• mechanisms of programmed cell death

Other Cellular organelles: -Structure and functions of 

• microbodies -Peroxisomes & Glyoxysome
• Golgiapparatus
• Lysosomes
•  Endoplasmic reticulum
• Techniques in cell biology
•  FISH
• Confocal microscopy